The Vast and Beautiful Far West
Plan My Trip →Xinjiang, China's largest province, is a land of superlatives — the biggest desert, the highest lake, the most dramatic mountains, and a rich tapestry of cultures. This guide highlights the essential attractions of China's far west.
Kashgar, at the western edge of the province, is the soul of Xinjiang's Uyghur culture. The labyrinthine Old City, the Id Kah Mosque, and the bustling Sunday Bazaar — one of Asia's great markets — make it an unforgettable destination.
The 'Pearl of the Tianshan,' Sayram Lake is a huge alpine lake of brilliant blue ringed by snow peaks. It's the most beautiful lake in Xinjiang and a highlight of the Ili Valley region. The lake road offers stunning views.
In the far north near the border with Kazakhstan, Kanas Lake is a mysterious, forest-ringed lake famous for its changing colors and the alleged 'Kanas monster.' The surrounding villages of the Tuva people add to its charm.
The oasis city of Turpan, below sea level, is Xinjiang's historic heart — home to the Jiaohe Ruins, the karez irrigation system, the Flaming Mountains, and some of China's best grapes.
The 'Sea of Death,' the world's second-largest shifting sand desert, is crossed by desert highways and ringed by Silk Road oases. The buried cities of the Niya and Loulan ruins hint at vanished civilizations.
The Tianshan range runs through northern Xinjiang, offering trekking and the famous Karajun grassland. On the southwestern edge, the Pamir Plateau — the 'Roof of the World' — offers the Karakoram Highway and views of Mustagh Ata.
Xinjiang is vast — allow 10-14 days for a comprehensive tour. A typical itinerary combines Urumqi, Turpan, Kashgar, and either the northern lakes (Sayram, Kanas) or the southern desert route. The best time is May-October, with summer for the mountains and October for the golden poplars.